While the industry paved the way with advancements in computers, 3D technology, and robotics, the focus turned inwards towards a deeper comprehension of the C Arm. It was during this introspection that a pivotal discovery was made - the realization that C Arm images encapsulate a sphere. This spherical representation correlated the Coronal and Sagittal planes with the equator and prime meridian of the sphere, respectively, mirroring the AP and Lateral images of a supine patient.

Initially, we looked at each plane separately in a simple way by projecting a shadow through the center of the image. Creating a shadow onto the x-ray to help with aligning tools like pins or drills, similar to how surgeons use a pin or rod to mark important points on skin that show up on the x-ray. We improved this method by adding a line laser that matches the shadow on the x-ray, eliminating the need for extra radiation exposure to the patient. Later on, we found that by identifying landmarks with x-ray and connecting them with laser lines, we could determine angles and deviations related to leg deformities and leg axes.

Further exploration unveiled that specific degrees around the equator, together with a designated landmark within the body, could delineate 3D trajectories from an external vantage point towards the interior. This innovative approach facilitated En Face views of anatomical structures like pedicles, with x and y angles precisely identified through the C Arm degree markers. Additionally, the degrees perpendicular to the equator, corresponding to Lateral views, enabled corrections for sagittal anatomical shifts, once again, leveraging the C Arm degree markers to pinpoint these trajectories.

This breakthrough bestowed the capability to pinpoint targets, ascertain a precise pathway by aligning x ray through their center in both planes, and compute an entry point at varying depths within the body, encompassing bone, internal organs, or skin. By deconstructing the problem and engaging in reverse engineering, an image guidance system emerged through the utilization of existing equipment. The final piece of the puzzle materialized in the form of the Marksman Targeting Laser, a groundbreaking device that now completes the ensemble.

To streamline trajectory planning further, an ingenious instrument holder was devised, designed to alert surgeons when their hand attains the correct angle in either a singular plane or a dual-plane setting. This distinctive aid transforms a skilled Sniper into an even more precise Marksman, culminating in enhanced procedural outcomes.

The culmination of these efforts came to fruition in 2023 with the approval of the first US Patent, marking a significant milestone in the evolution of surgical precision and navigational accuracy in the realm of minimally invasive spine surgery.